Knee arthrosis is an inflammatory disease of the internal -articular cartilage, with progressive degenerative disorders of its structure and functions.This disease is very common among elderly women, as well as professional athletes, even at a young age.
Many believe that the development of osteoarthritis is associated with excess salt, but in fact salt deposits have nothing to do with knee arthrosis.
Reasons
If arthrosis occurs without cause, then it is called idiopathic or primary.But if the development of arthrosis is affected by pathological processes in the body or disease, then this form is called secondary.The following factors may affect its development:
- Old age.
- Genetic predisposition.
- Traumatic knee damage.
- Excessive knee load.
- Constant squeezing and repetition of micro traumas - photos, etc.
- Inflammatory diseases of the joints and muscles - arthritis, synovitis, bursitis, myositis, tendonitis, lymphadenota.
- Inflammatory processes in the body.
- Viral, fungal and infectious diseases.
- Disorders of metabolism.
- Excess weight.
- Calcium deficiency in the body.
- Hypothermia.
- Congenital deformities of the knee joint.
Athletes and people who are often subjected to strong physical activity and subjected it to the knee joint are subject to arthrosis.These are teachers, wallets, builders, teachers, etc.
Peculiarities
Prior to treatment or detection of specific symptoms of knee arthrosis, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of this disease.
The joint surfaces of the human bones are covered with cartilage.In some joints, as well as in the knees, menis are the layers of cartilage that act as shock absorbers.The internal lubricant is a synovial fluid that is produced in our body.
When the knee joint is affected, there is a change in the development of interconnected lubrication.Cartilage partially or completely abrasion.The body tries to deal with this disorder as well as reduce the pain.As the disease progresses, the joint deforms, the bones begin to expand due to osteophytes.This condition is found only in advanced cases.The surface of the bones is uneven and does not fit into each other.The result is limited mobility.
Symptoms
The first symptom of knee arthrosis is the pain that can occur after prolonged physical activity or constant stress.Its nature is diverse, often the pain intensifies in the evening or at night, preventing a person from falling asleep, leading to a disorder of normal life.You should see a doctor at this stage.
There are three levels of knee arthrosis, each of which has its own characteristics.In the first stage, the pain is not easy and in many people it goes on its own.In addition, there is discomfort and a minor recurrent edema.This will require a certain treatment: laser therapy and other physiotherapy procedures.
In the second stage, the symptoms are complex, to all of the above, a worsening of mobility is added and the pain increases.Slight bleeding may also occur.
In this case, laser therapy and prescribing medicines by a doctor can help.If this does not happen, the pain will constantly intensify and the third degree of the disease will come.In the third stage, the integrity of cartilage is radically disturbed, until destruction.Painful feelings are constant, one usually cannot go for a walk.Climbing the stairs is a real problem, the joints swell.During the movement, various pathologies are observed, trembling from the limbs.
In addition, with arthrosis, redness of the knee skin occurs and by touching them, you can find an inflammatory process.This happens due to internal bleeding caused by rupture of blood vessels or veins.If this cosmetic defect is significantly noticeable, then remove it with a laser.
In the last stages, one becomes unstable due to muscle weakness and other defects.Walking is only possible with a stick and only at short distances.This ends with the deformation of the knee, which even the laser cannot be repaired.The man becomes motionless.
Diagnostics
The diagnosis of knee joint arthrosis may include:
- Analysis of clinical symptoms.
- General and biochemical blood tests.
- X -ray.
- Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging.
- Sonography (Ultrasound of the joint).
- Arthroscopy, biopsy and biochemical studies of synovial fluid.
Treatment
Many people are puzzled by the treatment of this disease.The arsenal of drugs is very large, their uncontrolled use is impossible.
If you are abusing arthritis medicines, you can buy gastric ulcer.You can also worsen the arthrosis of the knee joint.
The doctor first prescribes non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs to patients, which together with inflammation also relieve pain.But the treatment does not end there.Extensive exercise, physiotherapy.Special therapeutic gymnastics is chosen by a doctor who provides the maximum therapeutic effect.
Medication
The main treatment lies in non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs.Other agents are used to improve cartilage power and contribute to their gradual recovery.The most shown in this regard are glucosamine and chondroitin -based drugs.To accelerate treatment, you can use special creams and ointments that have a local effect.
It is worth noting that painful and antipyretic medicines without a prescription are very dangerous.Such treatment can adversely affect the condition of the stomach, liver and heart.Recently, medicines are manufactured with minimal negative effects, according to some manufacturers, such medicines can be used for several months.
Gymnastics and physiotherapy
Other treatments can improve blood flow and therefore the nutrition of cartilage.Special exercises are prescribed to strengthen the connections and muscles.But the effect of gymnastics will only be in the early stages, when the joint has changed a little.The exercises are selected strictly individually, depending on the severity of the disease and the physical abilities of the patient.
Such exercises are supplemented by physiotherapy procedures in large quantities.Magnetotherapy and laser therapy, UHF, electrophor, ultrasound and much more are used.
Injection
In the last phase, where physiotherapy and laser do not help relieve pain, resort to injection into the cavity of the joints.Hyaluronic acid -based preparations increase the regenerative properties of cartilage.Nevertheless, such treatment often leads to the complete uselessness of cartilage.
Endoprothetics
Knee joint endoprothetics is an exceptional measure that takes place when you cannot sleep normally and move.
Prevention
Arthrosis most often occurs in the elderly, so its prevention should deal with younger, especially after 30 years.You need it:
- Do not overload the knee joint and provide a rational load on the legs.
- Do not carry weights.
- Eat properly.
- Lead an active lifestyle.
- Over time, heal all inflammatory and infectious diseases in the body.
- To control the weight of the body, because due to the excess weight of the knee joint is a very heavy load.
- Do not overfill the joints.
- Avoid knee injuries.
- When exercising, put special knee pads.
- With a constant knee load, do regularly on your own.
